Hello,Everyone!
This is “Angel Torazo”, the owner of TORAZOU.shop.
This time, I will talk about snacks ^ ^
Speaking of Tsumami-Zaiku now, do you imagine Maiko or a Japanese style hair ornament at a wedding or coming of age ceremony?
It is a delicate and beautiful traditional Japanese culture.
Let me introduce the history, materials, and kinds of Tsumami-Zaiku.
What is Tsumami-Zaiku?
Tsumami-Zaiku is a traditional craft designated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government that combines several small square pieces of cloth, such as “folding” and “tsumami,” and forms flowers and butterflies on a glued mount to gorgeously decorate rooms (Interior, objects, etc.) and women (kanzashi,hair ornaments, etc.).
History of Tsumami-Zaiku
As a matter of fact, although Tsumami-Zaiku has a history of more than 200 years just to understand, there are few things left as books because techniques were handed down between masters and apprentices, and it seems that the accurate history and techniques are not understood very much at present.
The origin of Tsumami-Zaiku
In 1785, Yasuterukyo in Kyoto made kusudama（an ornament made of artificial flowers） no kanzashi (ornamental hairpin) from a piece of his wife’s used clothes, which was the origin of Tsumami-Zaiku.
It is said that he studied tools and techniques such as making tools like tweezers by bending bamboo, and made a hanging kusudama of Tsumami-Zaiku and presented it to Emperor Gomomozono.
Then, court ladies who saw the kusudama started to make it by imitating the flower ornament using the remaining cloth of the kimono.
the spread of Tsumami-Zaiku
The technique of Tsumami-Zaiku was introduced to the east in the middle of Edo period, and it seems that Tsumami-Kanzashi（a traditional Japanese hair ornament made of Tsumami-Zaiku） started to be made by professional craftsmen in Edo.
In Edo, Tsumami-Kanzashi was very popular not only among samurai families but also among town girls (so to speak, common people), and it seems that Tsumami-Kanzashi was also treasured as a “souvenir symbolizing Edo” that was bought by many people who came to Edo from the countryside.
It is said that this was the reason why it became popular as a souvenir, because it was gorgeous and gentle, its unique taste, the price that ordinary people can buy at a reasonable price, and because it was made of thin cloth and light in weight and easy to carry.
From the Meiji and Taisho periods, many existing records of Tsumami-Zaiku appeared.
During this period, Tsumami-Zaiku techniques made by Tsumami-Zaiku craftsmen called ‘tsumi-shi’ or ‘hana-kanza-shi’ (teach a Tsumami-Zaiku) began to spread among ordinary girls.
In the mid-1950s, the government encouraged handicrafts in general as part of women’s education, and along with that, Tsumami-Zaiku was included in the subjects of women’s schools along with artificial flowers.
As a result, it is said that the number of people who learn Tsumami-Zaiku as a technical art has increased rapidly, and the number of technical schools teaching Tsumami-Zaiku has also increased.
It seems that teachers of handicraft school published a lot of instruction books of Tsumami-Zaiku from the 40s of Meiji era to Taisho era.
It seems that the technique of Tsumami-Zaiku was widely spread by teachers of handicraft school, not traditional professional craftsmen.
Materials of Tsumami-Zaiku
Tsumamizaiku mainly uses a thin plain weave silk fabric called “Habutae”, which is used for the lining of kimono or “Chirimen” fabric,recently Tsumami-Zaiku work is made of cotton fabric,too.
羽二重/Habutae (thin silk fabric)
Characterized by its thin and lustrous feel, it is a typical silk fabric.
Both warp and weft yarns are made of untwisted raw silk (unrefined silken silk yarn with no luster), and the fabric is woven plain, and the process of refining and bleaching is carried out to complete the habutae fabric. In order to give a lustrous feel, it is woven with 2 threads instead of 1 thread.
Nowadays, there are also habutae made of polyester or rayon instead of silk.
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From/つまみ細工 一凛堂(@ichirindo8716)
ちりめん/Chirimen
The warp is a thread with almost no twist, and the fabric woven by twisting the weft to the right and left becomes a Chirimen.
Because the weft is twisted, the surface of the woven fabric shrinks and the unevenness comes out. The unevenness on the surface of this dough seems to be called “shibo” ^ ^
Chirimen cloth was originally woven with silk thread, but now Chirimen cloth made with more strong threads such as polyester and rayon is increasing.
There are various kinds of Chirimen.
一越（Ichi-Koshi）
In Chirimen, the twisted weft is called ”Koshi（越）”, not ”Hon（本）”.
In Ichi-Koshi, the weft is “ippon（one）.”
Ichi-Koshi is the longest crepe fabric in history. The warp is not twisted but is woven alternately with twisted weft.
Ichi-Koshi has very fine wrinkles and is treated as a high-quality fabric.
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From/西村健太郎(@xicunjiantailang45)
二越（Futa-Koshi）
In Nikoshi, the weft is “two.”
In the case of Futa-Koshi, the fabric is made by weaving two right and two left twist yarns into an untwisted yarn.
The wrinkles in the Futa-Koshiare bigger, the fabric is thicker than the Ichi-Koshi, it is highly elastic, and you can get it at a reasonable price.
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From/masateru watanabe(@watamasa04)
丹後ちりめん（Tango-Chirimen）
Tango-Chirimen was born in the northern part of Kyoto.
Tango-Chirimen is a luxurious Ichi-Koshi Chirimen with a characteristic of Kyoto. The fabric is very soft, has a beautiful luster and has fine wrinkles.
Also, it’s easy to dye.
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From/丸仙株式会社(MARUSEN)(@marusen_1875)
浜ちりめん（Hama-Chirimen）
The production method of Tango-Chirimen was introduced to Omi Province in the Shiga region, and Hama-Chirimen developed the production method.
This item is characterized by the simple and casual Nikoshi-Chirimen.
It is a fabric with large and deep wrinkles that is not plain and has presence.
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From/加寿利屋(@kasuriya1_1)
鬼ちりめん（Oni-Chirimen）
Oni-Chirimen is also called Uzura Chirimen, Oni-Shibo Chirimen, and Kusari Chirimen.
Compared to normal Chirimen, it is characterized by its rough texture.
Oni Chirimen is a fabric made by weaving 4 or 6 pieces of strong twisted left and right twist yarns alternately.
The main production area is Tango, Kyoto Prefecture.
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From/着物の越田(@kimono_koshida_japan)
There are other kinds, but this is the last time ^ ^
Glue of Tsumami-Zaiku
The traditional glue used for Tsumami-Zaiku is the glue made from wheat such as shofu（starch extracted from wheat flour） glue, rice glue and hime glue（like rice glue）.
Nowadays, there are various kinds of glue such as craft bond, handicraft bond (hand-sewn or sewing machine may be available), so this kind of glue is not used for all nibbles.
Types of Tsumami Crafts
There are 2 main ways of making Tsumami-Zaiku.
丸つまみ/Maru-Tsumami
The petals are literally “round”, a round knob full of tenderness.
剣つまみ/Ken-Tsumami
The flower petals are slim, sharp and stylish.
We make flowers and butterflies by combining these 2 ways of picking.
Let’s see how to make it in detail next time.
Summary
How was it?
It looks complicated at first glance, but with a square cloth, you can make two basic ways of making a knob with simple steps!
As long as you master how to eat this round and sword snacks, you can arrange them as much as you like!
Art spreads infinitely ^ ^
That kind of place may be the most attractive point of nibbles.
Unfortunately, it is nibbles of traditional Japanese craft that are not taught in Japanese schools, but I want you (the people of the world) to know about the beautiful Japanese tradition with a long history!
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